Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders

Energy Balance, Obesity and Diabetes

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A study was done to see the combined effect of the components of energy balance (energy intake and physical activity) and the development of Type 2 Diabetes and the aim of the study is to examine the components of energy balance and the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in a cohort of middle-aged women. This study was done on a population of 64,227 middle aged Chinese women who don’t have any prior history of Diabetes or any chronic Disease. They collected all the data on diet and physical activity habits and they found that Body Mass index (BMI) and weight gain (since age 20) was strongly associated with type 2 Diabetes incidences. They also concluded that Energy Intake (EI) was associated with modestly increased risk, while physical activity (PA) was associated with decreased risk of type 2 Diabetes, less active women with higher EI and higher risk of type 2 diabetes than active women with lower EI. The EI to PA ratio (EI:PA) was positively associated with Type 2 Diabetes risk. This study suggests that energy balance plays an important role in type 2 Diabetes and this effect may be modified by BMI.